The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), defines charging in modes (IEC 62196):
•Mode 1 Charging : Mode 1 refers to the charging through household outlet with a simple extender cable without any safety devices in between.
•Mode 2 Charging : Mode 2 refers to the charging from the household outlet; but with a control and protection device inserted in the cable (called as IC-CPD = In-Cable Control and Protection Device).
•Mode 3 Charging : Mode 3 refers to the dedicated charge point (EVSE) with proper control and protection
•Mode 4 Charging : Mode 4 refers to DC charging. EV’s on-board charger is by-passed and the charging station provides DC voltage directly to the battery via a DC connector.